학제간연구 | Interdisciplinary Studies in Gambling | 跨学科研究
- date : 2015-05-20 01:10|hit : 2144
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- Article] Damage to insula abolishes cognitive distortions during simulated gambling
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DocNo of ILP: 43
Doc. Type: Article
Title: Damage to insula abolishes cognitive distortions during simulated gambling
Authors: Clark, L; Studer, B; Bruss, J; Tranel, D; Bechara, A
Full Name of Authors: Clark, Luke; Studer, Bettina; Bruss, Joel; Tranel, Daniel; Bechara, Antoine
Keywords by Author: neuropsychology; emotion; insular cortex
Keywords Plus: VENTROMEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; RISKY DECISION-MAKING; GAMBLERS FALLACY; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; ANTERIOR INSULA; HUMAN AMYGDALA; HOT HAND; REWARD; ACTIVATION; BEHAVIOR
Abstract: Gambling is a naturalistic example of risky decision-making. During gambling, players typically display an array of cognitive biases that create a distorted expectancy of winning. This study investigated brain regions underpinning gambling-related cognitive distortions, contrasting patients with focal brain lesions to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), insula, or amygdala ("target patients") against healthy comparison participants and lesion comparison patients (i.e., with lesions that spare the target regions). A slot machine task was used to deliver near-miss outcomes (i.e., nonwins that fall spatially close to a jackpot), and a roulette game was used to examine the gambler's fallacy (color decisions following outcome runs). Comparison groups displayed a heightened motivation to play following near misses (compared with full misses), and manifested a classic gambler's fallacy effect. Both effects were also observed in patients with vmPFC and amygdala damage, but were absent in patients with insula damage. Our findings indicate that the distorted cognitive processing of near-miss outcomes and event sequences may be ordinarily supported by the recruitment of the insula. Interventions to reduce insula reactivity could show promise in the treatment of disordered gambling.
Cate of OECD: Other natural sciences
Year of Publication: 2014
Business Area: other
Detail Business: medicine & science
Country: USA
Study Area:
Name of Journal: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Language: English
Country of Authors: [Clark, Luke; Studer, Bettina] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychol, Cambridge CB2 3EB, England; [Studer, Bettina] UCL, Inst Cognit Neurosci, London WC1N 3AR, England; [Bruss, Joel; Tranel, Daniel] Univ Iowa, Dept Neurol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA; [Tranel, Daniel] Univ Iowa, Dept Psychol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA; [Bechara, Antoine] Univ So Calif, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA; [Bechara, Antoine] Univ So Calif, Brain & Creat Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
Press Adress: Clark, L (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychol, Cambridge CB2 3EB, England.
Email Address: lc260@cam.ac.uk
Citaion:
Funding: Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) [G1100554]; Medical Research Council; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [National Institutes of Health (NIH)] [P01 NS19632]; National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIH) [R01 DA023051, R01 DA022549]
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Number of Citaion: 66
Publication: NATL ACAD SCIENCES
City of Publication: WASHINGTON
Address of Publication: 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
ISSN: 0027-8424
29-Character Source Abbreviation: P NATL ACAD SCI USA
ISO Source Abbreviation: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
Volume: 111
Version: 16
Start of File: 6098
End of File: 6103
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322295111
Number of Pages: 6
Web of Science Category: Multidisciplinary Sciences
Subject Category: Science & Technology - Other Topics
Document Delivery Number: AF4OV
Unique Article Identifier: WOS:000334694000080
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