학제간연구 | Interdisciplinary Studies in Gambling | 跨学科研究
- date : 2015-05-20 01:10|hit : 1882
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- Article] After the smoke has cleared: evaluation of the impact of a new national smoke-free law in New Zealand
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DocNo of ILP: 4024
Doc. Type: Article
Title: After the smoke has cleared: evaluation of the impact of a new national smoke-free law in New Zealand
Authors: Edwards, R; Thomson, G; Wilson, N; Waa, A; Bullen, C; O'Dea, D; Gifford, H; Glover, M; Laugesen, M; Woodward, A
Full Name of Authors: Edwards, R.; Thomson, G.; Wilson, N.; Waa, A.; Bullen, C.; O'Dea, D.; Gifford, H.; Glover, M.; Laugesen, M.; Woodward, A.
Keywords by Author:
Keywords Plus: PUBLIC PLACES; LEGISLATION; IRELAND; BARS; PUBS; BAN; AIR
Abstract: Background: The New Zealand 2003 Smoke-free Environments Amendment Act (SEAA) extended existing restrictions on smoking in office and retail workplaces by introducing smoking bans in bars, casinos, members' clubs, restaurants and nearly all other workplaces from 10 December 2004. Objective: To evaluate the implementation and outcomes of aspects of the SEAA relating to smoke-free indoor workplaces and public places, excluding schools and early learning centres. Methods: Data were gathered on public and stakeholder attitudes and support for smoke-free policies; dissemination of information, enforcement activities and compliance; exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in the workplace; changes in health outcomes linked to SHS exposure; exposure to SHS in homes; smoking prevalence and smoking related behaviours; and economic impacts. Results: Surveys suggested growing majority support for the SEAA and its underlying principles among the public and bar managers. There was evidence of high compliance in bars and pubs, where most enforcement problems were expected. Self reported data suggested that SHS exposure in the workplace, the primary objective of the SEAA, decreased significantly from around 20% in 2003, to 8% in 2006. Air quality improved greatly in hospitality venues. Reported SHS exposure in homes also reduced significantly. There was no clear evidence of a short term effect on health or on adult smoking prevalence, although calls to the smoking cessation quitline increased despite reduced expenditure on smoking cessation advertising. Available data suggested a broadly neutral economic impact, including in the tourist and hospitality sectors. Conclusion: The effects of the legislation change were favourable from a public health perspective. Areas for further investigation and possible regulation were identified such as SHS related pollution in semi-enclosed outdoor areas. The study adds to a growing body of literature documenting the positive impact of comprehensive smoke-free legislation. The scientific and public health case for introducing comprehensive smoke-free legislation that covers all indoor public places and workplaces is now overwhelming, and should be a public health priority for legislators across the world as part of the globalisation of effective public health policy to control the tobacco epidemic.
Cate of OECD: Health sciences
Year of Publication: 2008
Business Area: casino
Detail Business: casino
Country: England
Study Area: regulation, legislation, globalization, globalization, Evaluation, prediction, prediction, older, attitude, smoke
Name of Journal: TOBACCO CONTROL
Language: English
Country of Authors: [Edwards, R.; Thomson, G.; Wilson, N.; O'Dea, D.] Univ Otago, Dept Publ Hlth, Wellington, New Zealand; [Bullen, C.; Glover, M.; Woodward, A.] Univ Auckland, Sch Populat Hlth, Clin Trials Res Unit, Auckland Tobacco Control Res Ctr, Auckland 1, New Zealand; [Gifford, H.] Whakauae Res Serv, Whanganui, New Zealand; [Laugesen, M.] Hlth New Zealand Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand; [Waa, A.] Hlth Sponsorship Council, Res & Dev Unit, Wellington, New Zealand
Press Adress: Edwards, R (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Publ Hlth, Wellington, New Zealand.
Email Address: Richard.Edwards@otago.ac.nz
Citaion:
Funding:
Lists of Citation: Allwright S, 2005, BRIT MED J, V331, P1117, DOI 10.1136/bmj.38636.499225.55; *ASH NZ, 2005, SMOK NZ BARS PRE POS; Barone-Adesi F, 2006, EUR HEART J, V27, P2468, DOI 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl201; Bartecchi C, 2006, CIRCULATION, V114, P1490, DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.615245; BATES M, 2001, ASSESSMENT EXPOSURES; Edwards R, 2006, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V6, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-6-42; EDWARDS R, 2006, SMOKE HAS CLEARED EV; Fong GT, 2006, TOB CONTROL, V15, P51, DOI 10.1136/tc.2005.013649; Fowles Jeff, 2006, N Z Med J, V119, pU1931; Haw SJ, 2006, J PUBLIC HEALTH, V28, P24, DOI 10.1093/pubmed.fdi080; *HLTH COMM NZ PARL, 2003, SMOK FREE ENV ENH PR; HYLAND A, 2006, 29 COUNTRY COMP INDO; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2004, IARC MON EV CARC RIS, V83; LEA R, 2006, SECONDHAND TOBACCO S; MacDonald G, 2001, INTRO PROGRAM EVALUA; MCGOUGH S, 2006, EXPOSURE 2 HAND SMOK; MILNE K, 2006, CHANG SUPP SMOK BARS; *MIN HLTH, 2005, CLEAR SMOK 5 YEAR PL; *MIN HLTH, 2003, NAT MAOR TOB CONTR S; *MIN HLTH, 2002, KOR OR MAOR HLTH STR; Minister of Health, 2003, NZ CANC CONTR STRAT; Ministry of Health, 2000, NZ HLTH STRAT; *NAT RES BUR, 1999, ATT ENV TOB SMOK; *NAT RES BUR, 1986, ENV TOB SMOK SURV; *NAT RES BUR, 2001, EXP 2 HAND CIG SMOK; PRICE L, 2005, GOING SMOKEFREE NZ L; REID J, 2005, EVIDENCE SELECT COMM; Repace J, 2004, J OCCUP ENVIRON MED, V46, P887, DOI 10.1097/01.jom0000141644.69355.52; Sargent RP, 2004, BRIT MED J, V328, P977, DOI 10.1136/bmj.38055.715683.55; SCRAGG R, REP 1999 2005 NAT YE; Starr G., 2005, KEY OUTCOME INDICATO; *TOB ADV GROUP ROY, 2005, GOING SMOK FREE MED; Travers M. J., 2004, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, V53, P1040; *UMR RES LTD, 2006, SMOK BAN REST BARS P; *US DEP HHS, 2006, HLTH CONS INV EXP TO; Wilson N, 2007, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V7, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-7-85; Wilson N, 2007, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V7, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-7-75
Number of Citaion: 37
Publication: B M J PUBLISHING GROUP
City of Publication: LONDON
Address of Publication: BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND
ISSN: 0964-4563
29-Character Source Abbreviation: TOB CONTROL
ISO Source Abbreviation: Tob. Control
Volume: 17
Version: 1
Start of File:
End of File:
DOI: 10.1136/tc.2007.020347
Number of Pages: 10
Web of Science Category: Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Subject Category: Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Document Delivery Number: 256BT
Unique Article Identifier: WOS:000252703400025
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