복권관련통계 | Open Data & Statistics in Lottery Area | 彩票统计
- date : 2015-08-04 22:34|hit : 2243
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- GAMBLING IN ALBERTA: HISTORY, CURRENT STATUS, AND SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
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At a provincial level, there would appear to be minor economic benefits to gambling in Alberta
that are offset by minor economic costs. The main economic benefits concern the fact that
gambling appears to create additional economic activity without any obvious negative impacts
on other business, and gambling is associated with a very small increase in the value of
infrastructure. At a community level, however, there are significant and unambiguous
economic benefits to First Nations communities that host casinos, because of their ability to
retain a large part of the revenue. Although this increased revenue is mostly derived from nonFirst
Nations communities (primarily Edmonton and Calgary), it represents a relatively small
cost to these large urban economies. The economic costs of gambling in Alberta concern the
fact that the creation of domestic gambling opportunities has more likely increased monetary
outflow to out-of-province jurisdictions rather than retained it. However, the amount of
outflow is small relative to overall Alberta Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It is also worth
noting that the model used in Alberta, whereby the provincial government and community
groups are the primary beneficiaries of gambling revenue, is a system that best ensures that
gambling revenue stays in the province and the economic benefits accrue to Albertans.
From a social/nonmonetary perspective, it can be said that there are important social benefits of gambling in Alberta that are offset by some serious negative consequences. The main social benefit is the enhanced community services that Albertans receive from charity/community groups and maintained and/or enhanced public services from the provincial government. Other important social benefits are the fact that a) well-regulated legalized gambling has significantly decreased non-regulated illegal gambling, and b) gambling has provided an additional leisure option that is fairly well patronized. Legalized gambling also appears to provide minor employment benefits. Gambling’s negative social impacts concern the fact that it is slightly regressive, and it creates a small amount of additional crime (that is offset to some extent by a significant decrease in illegal gambling). However, the main negative impact is problem gambling, which directly or indirectly affects 8% to 10% of the population and which involves particularly serious consequences for a small minority of these people (bankruptcy, divorce, unemployment, crime, suicide). For some of these consequences (bankruptcy, suicide) gambling appears to be an important contributor to their overall prevalence within Alberta. However, a) the legal availability of gambling is only partly responsible for the prevalence of problem gambling (i.e., problem gambling existed to some extent prior to legal provision, and the relationship between legal gambling availability and problem gambling prevalence in Alberta is weak), and b) problem gambling is only partly responsible for these serious consequences (i.e., the comorbid conditions of problem gamblers are additional contributing factors). A more directly attributable and ethically problematic aspect of legal gambling is the fact the large majority of government and charity gambling revenue is derived from a very small percentage of the population which includes a disproportionate percentage of problem gamblers.
Reference: Alberta Gaming Research Institute
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