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- Article] ANGIOSPERM GROWTH HABIT, DISPERSAL AND DIVERSIFICATION RECONSIDERED
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DocNo of ILP: 7987
Doc. Type: Article
Title: ANGIOSPERM GROWTH HABIT, DISPERSAL AND DIVERSIFICATION RECONSIDERED
Authors: TIFFNEY, BH; MAZER, SJ
Full Name of Authors: TIFFNEY, BH; MAZER, SJ
Keywords by Author: VERTEBRATE DISPERSAL; FRUIT DISPERSAL; SEED DISPERSAL; ANGIOSPERM DIVERSIFICATION; COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
Keywords Plus: SEED DISPERSAL; FLOWERING PLANTS; FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS; FAMILY RUBIACEAE; RAIN-FOREST; LIFE FORMS; EVOLUTION; POLLINATION; DOMINANCE; DIVERSITY
Abstract: Previous studies have sought to elucidate the relationship between dispersal mode (biotic versus abiotic) and the taxonomic diversification of angiosperm families, but with ambiguous results. In this study, we propose the hypothesis that the combination of (1) the large seed size required of plants germinating in closed, light-poor environments and (2) the necessity to move disseminules away from the maternal plant in order to avoid intraspecific competition, predation and pathogens should favour biotically-dispersed relative to abiotically-dispersed woody arborescent angiosperms, resulting in higher diversification of the former. In this paper, we seek patterns of diversification that support this hypothesis. We examine the association between dispersal mode, growth habit and taxonomic richness of monocotyledon and dicotyledon families using (1) contingency table analyses to detect the effect of dispersal mode on the relative abundances and diversification of woody versus herbaceous taxa and (2) non-parametric analyses of variance to detect the statistical effect of dispersal mode on taxonomic diversification (mean number of species per genus, genera per family and species per family) in monocot and dicot families dominated by biotic or abiotic dispersal. We found a clear statistical effect of dispersal mode on diversification. Among families of woody dicots, dispersal by vertebrates is associated with significantly higher levels of species per genus, genera per family and species per family than is abiotic dispersal. The same pattern is observed among woody monocots, but is not significant at the 0.05 level. Among families of herbaceous monocots and dicots, the situation is reversed, with abiotically-dispersed families exhibiting higher levels of diversification than vertebrate-dispersed families. When woody and herbaceous families are pooled, there is no association between dispersal mode and diversification. These data coincide with evidence from the fossil record to suggest vertebrate dispersal has positively contributed to the diversification of woody angiosperms. We suggest that vertebrate dispersal may have promoted the diversity of extant taxa by reducing the probability of extinction over evolutionary time, rather than by elevating speciation rates. Our results suggest vertebrate dispersal has contributed to, but does not explain in toto, the diversity of living angiosperms.
Cate of OECD: Biological sciences
Year of Publication: 1995
Business Area: other
Detail Business: medicine & science
Country: England
Study Area: promotion, nation, statistics, statistics, family, habit
Name of Journal: EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY
Language: English
Country of Authors: UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT BIOL SCI,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106
Press Adress: TIFFNEY, BH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT GEOL SCI,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA.
Email Address:
Citaion:
Funding:
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Number of Citaion: 72
Publication: CHAPMAN HALL LTD
City of Publication: LONDON
Address of Publication: 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN
ISSN: 0269-7653
29-Character Source Abbreviation: EVOL ECOL
ISO Source Abbreviation: Evol. Ecol.
Volume: 9
Version: 1
Start of File: 93
End of File: 117
DOI: 10.1007/BF01237700
Number of Pages: 25
Web of Science Category: Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
Subject Category: Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
Document Delivery Number: QD271
Unique Article Identifier: WOS:A1995QD27100010
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