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  • °ÔÀÓ¼³°è | Cases and Studies of Game Design in Lottery & Gambling | êý戏设计

    date : 2015-05-20 01:10|hit : 2131
    Review] A brief history of numbers and statistics with cytometric applications
    DocNo of ILP: 6558

    Doc. Type: Review

    Title: A brief history of numbers and statistics with cytometric applications

    Authors: Watson, JV

    Full Name of Authors: Watson, JV

    Keywords by Author: history of numbers; history of statistics; cytometry; immunofluorescence; data analysis

    Keywords Plus: POSITIVE CELLS

    Abstract: A brief history of numbers and statistics traces the development of numbers from prehistory to completion of our current system of numeration with the introduction of the decimal fraction by Viete, Stevin, Burgi, and Galileo at the turn of the 16th century. This was followed by the development of what we now know as probability theory by Pascal, Fermat, and Huygens in the mid-17th century which arose in connection with questions in gambling with dice and can he regarded as the origin of statistics. The three main probability distributions on which statistics depend were introduced and/or formalized between the mid-17th and early 19th centuries: the binomial distribution by Pascal; the normal distribution by de Moivre, Gauss, and Laplace, and the Poisson distribution by Poisson, The formal discipline of statistics commenced with the works of Pearson, Yule, and Gosset at the turn of the 19th century when the first statistical tests were introduced. Elementary descriptions of the statistical tests most likely to be used in conjunction with cytometric data are given and it is shown how these can be applied to the analysis of difficult immunofluorescence distributions when there is overlap between the labeled and unlabeled cell populations. Cytometry (Comm, Clin, Cytometry) 46:1-22, 2001, (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

    Cate of OECD: Biological sciences

    Year of Publication: 2001

    Business Area: gamble

    Detail Business: gamble

    Country: USA

    Study Area:

    Name of Journal: CYTOMETRY

    Language: English

    Country of Authors: Addenbrookes Hosp, Ctr Oncol, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England

    Press Adress: Watson, JV (reprint author), Addenbrookes Hosp, Ctr Oncol, Box 193, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England.

    Email Address:

    Citaion:

    Funding:

    Lists of Citation: AITKEN AC, 1945, P ROY SOC EDINB, V62, P138; AITKEN AC, 1952, STAT MATH; Bartlett M. S., 1933, P ROY SOC EDINB, V53, P260; Borel E., 1909, ELEMENTS THEORIE PRO; Boyer Carl B., 1991, HIST MATH; BRUINS EM, 1981, JANUS, V68, P33; BRUINS Evert M., 1980, JANUS, V67, P241; CLARK WE, 1930, ARYABHATIA ARYABHATA; Copernicus N., 1543, REVOLUTIONIBUS ORBIU; COX DR, 1972, J R STAT SOC B, V34, P187; DCAN PN, 1974, J CELL BIOL, V60, P523; de Moivre A., 1711, PHILOS T ROY SOC LON, V27, P213; DEMOIVRE A, 1756, DOCTRINES CHANCE; DESCARTES R, 1656, DIOPTRICE COPVI SECU; Fisher R.A., 1925, STAT METHODS RES WOR; Fisher RA, 1935, ECONOMETRICA, V3, P353, DOI 10.2307/1905628; FISHER RA, 1925, APPL STUDENTS DISTRI; Fisher R.A., 1938, STAT METHODS RES WOR; FISHER R, 1954, BIOMETRICS, V10, P130, DOI 10.2307/3001667; FRANKSEN OI, 1981, INT J ENG SCI, V12, P1651; Galileo G., 1974, 2 NEW SCI; GALILEO G, 1953, DISCOURSES 2 CHIEF S; Gauss K. F., 1809, THEORIA MOTUS CORPOR; GIBBS JW, 1902, ELEMENTARY PRICNIPLE; Gosset WS, 1908, BIOMETRIKA, VVI, P1, DOI DOI 10.1093/BIOMET/6.1.1; GOVI G, 1885, OTTICA TOLOMEO EUGEN; GRAY JW, 1974, J HISTOCHEM CYTOCHEM, V22, P642; HANN GJ, 1967, STAT MODELS ENG; HARTLEY HO, 1948, BIOMETRIKA, V35, P32, DOI 10.2307/2332626; Hatzopoulos M.B., 1980, PHILIP MACEDON; Heath T. L., 1897, WORKS ARCHIMEDES; HODGES A, 1992, A TURING ENIGMA; Huygens C, 1657, TRACTATUS RATIOCINII; Kendall M.G., 1948, RANK CORRELATION MET; Kepler J, 1609, ASTRONOMIA NOVA; Kolmogoroff A, 1931, MATH ANN, V104, P415, DOI 10.1007/BF01457949; Lampariello F, 1998, CYTOMETRY, V32, P241, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19980701)32:3<241::AID-CYTO11>3.0.CO;2-N; LAMPARIELLO F, 1994, CYTOMETRY, V15, P294, DOI 10.1002/cyto.990150404; Laplace PS, 1812, THEORIE ANAL PROBABI; MANN HB, 1947, ANN MATH STAT, V18, P50, DOI 10.1214/aoms/1177730491; MORONEY MJ, 1990, FACTS FIGURES; NAPIER J, 1614, MIRIFCI LOGARITHMORI; Needham J., 1959, SCI CIVILIZATION CHI, V3; NEUGEBAUER O, 1980, CENTAURUS, V24, P1, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0498.1980.tb00362.x; Newton I., 1687, PHILOS NATURALIS PRI; ORE O, 1960, AM MATH MONTHLY, V47, P409; PEARSON K, 1901, BIOMETRIKA, V2, P1; Pearson K., 1894, Philosophical Transactions, V185a, P71, DOI 10.1098/rsta.1894.0003; Pearson K, 1900, PHILOS MAG, V50, P157, DOI 10.1080/14786440009463897; Pearson K., 1905, GEN THEORY SKEW CORR; Pearson K, 1896, PHILOS T R SOC A, V187, P253, DOI DOI 10.1098/RSTA.1896.0007; Pearson K., 1902, BIOMETRIKA, V1, P265, DOI 10.2307/2331540; Poisson S. D., 1837, PROBABILITE JUGEMENT; PTOLEMY, 1984, PTOLEMYS ALAGEST AD; ROTTLANDER RCA, 1978, ACTA PRAEHISTORICA A, V8, P49; SARTON G, 1935, ISIS, V23, P153, DOI 10.1086/346940; Seigel S., 1988, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B; SHAPIRO HM, 1994, FLOW CYTOMETERS WORK, P167; SMITH R, 1978, ARCH HIST EXACT SCI, V19, P201, DOI 10.1007/BF00357581; Snedecor G. W., 1934, CALCULATION INTERPRE; SNEDECOR GW, 1938, STAT METHODS; STRUIK DJ, 1963, MATH TEACHER, V56, P424; SWETZ FJ, 1978, MATH TEACHER, V71, P50; VIETE F, 1579, OPUS RESTITUATE MATH; Watson JV, 1992, FLOW CYTOMETRY DATA; Watson JV, 2001, CYTOMETRY, V43, P55, DOI 10.1002/1097-0320(20010101)43:1<55::AID-CYTO1019>3.0.CO;2-T; WATSON JV, 1978, BRIT J RADIOL, V51, P534; WHITTAKER E, 1960, CALCULUS OBSERVATION; WILCOXON F, 1945, BIOMETRICS BULL, V1, P80, DOI 10.2307/3001968; Yates F, 1934, JR STATIST SOC S, V1, P217, DOI DOI 10.2307/2983604; YOUNG IT, 1977, J HISTOCHEM CYTOCHEM, V25, P935; Yule G. U., 1897, J ROY STAT SOC, V60, P812, DOI 10.2307/2979746

    Number of Citaion: 72

    Publication: WILEY-LISS

    City of Publication: NEW YORK

    Address of Publication: DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA

    ISSN: 0196-4763

    29-Character Source Abbreviation: CYTOMETRY

    ISO Source Abbreviation: Cytometry

    Volume: 46

    Version: 1

    Start of File: 1

    End of File: 22

    DOI: 10.1002/1097-0320(20010215)46:1<1::AID-CYTO1032>3.0.CO;2-3

    Number of Pages: 22

    Web of Science Category: Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology

    Subject Category: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology

    Document Delivery Number: 403CZ

    Unique Article Identifier: WOS:000167026100001

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